The stadium originally known as the Littoriale was built in 1926, in an area not yet urbanised at the time but close to the portico that connects Meloncello to the Certosa. Commissioned by Leandro Arpinati, the podesta of Bologna, it was designed by Umberto Costanzini, an engineer who took reinforced concrete to the limits of its strength.
In addition to the stadium, the large complex includes swimming pools and other sports facilities. Two years later, the architect Giulio Ulisse Arata split the terraces space by building a tower, the so-called Maratona Tower, which housed a colossal sculpture of Mussolini on horseback. The statue was destroyed in 1945 and reused for the statues of the partisans that Luciano Minguzzi would create for Porta Lame.
The structure of the stadium did not undergo major changes until 1990, when it was extended for the World Cup finals, in deliberate discontinuity with the existing style, by the architect Enzo Zacchiroli.